Vikram sarabhai a life pdf download

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Famous Players: Akansha Singh India. Olympic Games. Asian Games. Commonwealth Games. Some Important Missiles of India. Surface to Surface God, our Creator, has stored within our minds and personalities, great potential strength and ability.

Prayer helps us to tap and develop these powers. Ahmed Jallaluddin and Samsuddin came to see me off at Bombay airport. It was their first exposure to a big city like Bombay, just as I myself was about to have my first exposure to a mega city like New York. Jallaluddin and Samsuddin were self-reliant, positive, optimistic men who undertook their work with the assurance of success. It is from these two persons that I drew the core creative power of my mind. My sentiments could not be contained, and I could feel the mist of tears in my eyes.

The intensity and purity of their faith in my capabilities broke my last defences, and tears welled up in my eyes. They attempt to get out of them rather than suffer them. Everybody prostrated themselves except Iblis, or Satan, who refused. Does not that make me nobler than Achievers Adam? This is no place for your contemptuous pride.

One of my most vivid memories What makes life in Indian organizations difficult is the widespread of LRC is of a piece of sculpture depicting a charioteer driving two prevalence of this very contemptuous pride. It stops us from listening to horses, one representing scientific research and the other technological our juniors, subordinates and people down the line.

You cannot expect a development, metaphorically encapsulating the interconnection between person to deliver results if you humiliate him, nor can you expect him to research and development.

Unfortunately, the earth-orbiting science and applications satellites. Here, has to be changed. I saw a painting prominently displayed in the reception lobby. It depicted As the process of confronting and solving problems often requires a battle scene with a few rockets flying in the background. A painting hard work and is painful, we have endless procrastination. Actually, with this theme should be the most commonplace thing at a Flight Facility, problems can be the cutting edge that actually distinguish between but the painting caught my eye because the soldiers on the side launching success and failure.

They draw out innate courage and wisdom. It was a sounding rocket, called Nike- fighting the British. The rocket was assembled in the church country but commemorated here on the other side of the planet. I was building I have referred to earlier. The only equipment available to happy to see an Indian glorified by NASA as a hero of warfare rocketry.

The assembled rocket was to be shifted from the church building training, but Prof. After the successful to the launch pad by truck. When the rocket was lifted by the crane and launch of Nike-Apache, he chose to share with us his dream of an was about to be placed on the launcher, it started tilting, indicating a leak Indian Satellite Launch Vehicle.

As we were fast approaching the Prof. The very news of launch time, 6 p. People manually, using our collective muscle power and finally placing it on the would work virtually round the clock because of their enthusiasm to launcher. Sarabhai something new, something that had not been done In the maiden Nike-Apache launch, I was in charge of rocket before in our country—be it a new design or a new method of fabrication integration and safety.

Two of my colleagues who played a very or even an out-of-the-way administrative procedure. Sarabhai active and crucial role in this launch were D Easwardas and R would often assign multiple tasks to a single person or a group.

Though Aravamudan. Easwardas undertook the rocket assembly and arranged some of those tasks would appear totally unrelated in the beginning, the launch. Aravamudan, whom we called Dan, was in charge of radar, they would, at a later stage, emerge as deeply interconnected. When telemetry and ground support. The launch was smooth and problem- Prof. We obtained excellent flight data and returned with a sense of he asked me, almost in the same breath, to take up studies on a rocket- pride and accomplishment.

The two things had no apparent connection except in the mind of this great visionary. I When we were relaxing the next evening at the dinner table, we knew that all I had to do was to remain alert and focussed on my purpose, received news of the assassination of President John F Kennedy in and sooner or later, an opportunity to do a challenging job would enter Dallas, Texas. We were appalled. The Kennedy years were a significant my laboratory.

Sarabhai was ever-willing to try out novel approaches and liked The Soviet Union built missile sites in Cuba, from which it would to draw in young people. He had the wisdom and judgement which have been possible to launch attacks on American cities. In my opinion, he was an ideal experimenter offensive missiles to Cuba. America also threatened to respond to any and innovator.

When there were alternative courses of action before us, Soviet nuclear attack from Cuba on any country in the Western whose outcome was difficult to predict, or to reconcile varying Hemisphere by retaliating against the USSR.

After fourteen days of perspectives, Prof. Sarabhai would resort to experimentation to resolve intense drama, the crisis was resolved by the Soviet Premier Khrushchev the issue. A ordering that the Cuban bases be dismantled and the missiles returned bunch of young, inexperienced, but nevertheless energetic and to Russia.

Sarabhai had a detailed discussion with us on research in particular. It was a great example of leadership by trust. He was creating a new frontier in the field of science and technology in India. A new generation, scientists and engineers in their The rocket launch site later blossomed into the Thumba Equatorial 30s and early 40s, was being charged with an unprecedented dynamism.

Vikram Sarabhai—had comprehended the full operational sounding rockets were developed. These rockets had wide implications of the challenge and had not balked at taking it on.

Right ranging capabilities, and to date several hundreds of these rockets have from the day INCOSPAR was formed, he was aware of the need to been launched for various scientific and technological studies. It lifted a nominal 7 kg payload produced indigenously. It was soon followed by another, to which With this in view, a wide-ranging programme for scientific and one more solid propellant stage was added to dispatch multi-experiment technological development in rocket fuels, propulsion systems, payloads weighing nearly kg to an altitude of over km.

Incidentally, this laboratory has on polyurethane and polybutane polymer. It later resulted in the setting produced a large number of Indian space scientists of extremely high up of a Propellant Fuel Complex PFC to manufacture strategic calibre over the years.

What is it The development of Indian rockets in the twentieth century can be that distinguishes a sounding rocket from a Satellite Launch Vehicle seen as a revival of the eighteenth century dream of Tipu Sultan.

When SLV and from a missile? In fact, they are three different kinds of Tipu Sultan was killed, the British captured more than rockets and rockets. Sounding rockets are normally used for probing the near-earth subsystems of rockets in the battle of Turukhanahally in His environment, including the upper regions of the atmosphere. While they army had 27 brigades, called Kushoons, and each brigade had a company can carry a variety of scientific payloads to a range of altitudes, they of rocket men, called Jourks.

These rockets had been taken to England cannot impart the final velocity needed to orbit the payload. The final stage of a launch vehicle provides the or patent regime.

With the death of Tipu, Indian rocketry also met its necessary velocity for a satellite to enter an orbit. This is a complex demise—at least for years. A missile, though belonging to the same family, is a still more complex system. In Meanwhile, rocket technology made great strides abroad. Konstantin addition to the large terminal velocity and onboard guidance and control, Tsiolkovsky in Russia , Robert Goddard in USA and it must have the capability to home onto targets. When the targets are Hermann Oberth in Germany gave rocketry new dimensions.

With this booty, they started to run fabrication of sounding rockets and their associated on-board systems their deadly arms race with missiles and warheads. Sarabhai took the challenge of giving physical dimensions to this dream. Very many individuals with myopic vision questioned the relevance of space activities in a newly independent nation which was finding it difficult to feed its population.

But neither Prime Minister Nehru nor Prof. Sarabhai had any ambiguity 5 of purpose. Their vision was very clear: if Indians were to play a meaningful role in the community of nations, they must be second to none in the application of advanced technologies to their real-life problems.

They had no intention of using it merely as a means to display our might. Sarabhai would openly review the progress of work with the entire team. He never gave directions. Rather, through a free exchange of views, he led us forward into new terrain which often revealed an unforeseen solution.

Perhaps he was aware that though a particular goal might be clear to himself, and he could give adequate directions for its accomplishment, his team members might have resisted working towards a goal that made no sense to them. He considered the collective understanding of the problem the main attribute of effective leadership. Sarabhai took a series of decisions that were to become the life-mission of many. And this would not be done one-by-one but concurrently, in a multi-dimensional fashion.

In the development of payloads for the sounding rockets, instead of getting a certain payload and then engineering it to fit into the rocket, we discussed the matter threadbare with the payload scientists working in different organ-izations and at different locations. I may even say that the most significant achievement of the sounding rocket programme was to establish and maintain nation-wide mutual trust.

UR Rao, would be engineered by my team to fit into the nose were told rather than use my legitimate authority, Prof. Sarabhai assigned cone of the Rohini Rocket. At an altitude of km, the nose cone me the task of providing interface support to payload scientists. Almost would be separated by explosion of pyros triggered by an electronic all physical laboratories in India were involved in the sounding rocket timer.

With this, the X-ray sensors would be exposed to space for programme, each having its own mission, its own objective and its own collecting the required information about the emissions from stars. These payloads were required to be integrated to the rocket Together, Prof. Oda and Prof.

Rao were a unique blend of intellect and structure so as to ensure their proper functioning and endurance under dedication, which one rarely sees. One day, when I was working on the flight conditions. We had X-ray payloads to look at stars; payloads fitted integration for Prof.

To me they looked flimsy, of the upper atmosphere; sodium payloads to find out wind conditions, but Prof. Oda stuck to his stand that the Indian timers be replaced by its direction and velocity. We also had ionospheric payloads to explore the Japanese ones.

I yielded to his suggestion and replaced the timers. I not only had to interact with scientists The rocket took off elegantly and attained the intended altitude. Oda was so upset that tears welled up in his eyes. I was stunned France, Germany and Japan. He had clearly put his heart and soul into his work. I often read Khalil Gibran, and always find his words full of wisdom.

If you are a writer the hazardous sodium and thermite mix. As usual, it was a hot and humid who would secretly prefer to be a lawyer or a doctor, your written words day at Thumba.

After the sixth such operation, Sudhakar and I went into will feed but half the hunger of your readers; if you are a teacher who the payload room to confirm the proper filling of the mix. Suddenly, a would rather be a businessman, your instructions will meet but half the drop of sweat from his forehead fell onto the sodium, and before we need for knowledge of your students; if you are a scientist who hates knew what was happening, there was a violent explosion which shook science, your performance will satisfy but half the needs of your mission.

For a few paralysed seconds, I did not know what to do. The The personal unhappiness and failure to achieve results that comes from fire was spreading, and water would not extinguish the sodium fire. But there Trapped in this inferno, Sudhakar, however, did not lose his presence of are exceptions to this like Prof. Oda and Sudhakar, who bring to their mind. He broke the glass window with his bare hands and literally threw work a personal touch of magic based upon their individual character, me out to safety before jumping out himself.

Sudhakar their hearts. They become so emotionally involved with their work that spent many weeks in the hospital recuperating from the severe burns he any dilution of the success of their effort fills them with grief. I remember him as a assembly, testing and evaluation besides building subsystems like payload diminutive man with a towering personality and eyes that radiated housing and jettisonable nose cones.

Working with the nose cones led intelligence. His dedication to his work was exemplary. He would bring me, as a natural consequence, into the field of composite materials.

That was his subtle way composite bows made of wood, sinew, and horn as early as the eleventh of challenging each one of us to stretch our capabilities. The versatility of composites, in the sense that they possess would praise whatever we had accomplished. Whenever he found any very desirable structural, thermal, electrical, chemical and mechanical one of us going over his head and attempting a task for which he did not properties, fascinated me.

I was so enthused with these man-made have the capability or skill, Prof. Sarabhai would reassign activity in materials that I was in a hurry to know everything about them almost such a way so as to lower pressure and permit better quality work to be overnight. I used to read up everything available on related topics. I was performed. Sarabhai wanted to see me urgently in Delhi. In February By now I was accustomed to Prof.

In such a state of mind, to the International Space Science Community. On this occasion, she sudden flashes of inspiration were almost natural. Delhi being a slightly unfamiliar Subramanian and MN Satyanara-yana, great satisfaction.

We made high- place, with an unfriendly climate for someone like me, conditioned to the strength glass cloth laminates to build non-magnetic payload housings warm and humid climate of South India, I decided to wait in the hotel and flew them in two-stage sounding rockets.

We also wound and test lounge after finishing my dinner. I have always been a religious person in the sense that I maintain a Slowly, but surely, two Indian rockets were born at Thumba. They working partnership with God.

I was aware that the best work required were christened Rohini and Menaka, after the two mythological dancers more ability than I possessed and therefore I needed help that only God in the court of Indra, the king of the sky. The Indian payloads no longer could give me. I made a true estimate of my own ability, then raised it by needed to be launched by French rockets. In this partnership, I have but for the atmosphere of trust and commitment which Prof. Today, I can affirm that the kingdom of God is knowledge and skills.

He made every man feel directly involved in problem within you in the form of this power, to help achieve your goals and solving. There are many different types and levels of experience that turn this internal power reaction critical. Sometimes, when we are ready, the Prof. Sarabhai was matter-of-fact and never tried to hide his gentlest of contacts with Him fills us with insight and wisdom.

This disappointment. He used to talk with us in an honest and objective manner. Many a time, it could come even were, and then charming us by his almost magical powers of persuasion. Without the slightest warning, something nevertheless in a successful manner. He was a well-built person with an intelligent I looked around the elegant lounge. Somebody had left a book on a look and refined posture.

Unlike me—always disorderly in my dress— nearby sofa. As if to fill the small hours of that cold night with some this man was wearing elegant clothes. Notwithstanding the odd hours, warm thoughts, I picked up the book and started browsing.

I must have he was alert and vivacious. And before I could get back to the book, It was some popular book related to business management. I was I was informed that Prof.

Sarabhai was ready to receive me. I left the not really reading it, only skimming over paragraphs and turning pages. I was surprised Suddenly, my eyes fell on a passage in the book, it was a quotation from when the man sitting on the opposite sofa was also asked to come inside. George Bernard Shaw. The gist of the quote was that all reasonable Who was he?

It was not long before my question was answered. Even men adapt themselves to the world. Only a few unreasonable ones persist before we sat down, Prof. Sarabhai introduced us to each other. He in trying to adapt the world to themselves. Sarabhai ordered coffee for both of us and unfolded his plan of conformist actions. I started reading the book from the Bernard Shaw passage onwards. This would help our warplanes to take off from short runways in the The author was describing certain myths woven around the concept Himalayas.

Hot coffee was served over small talk. It was totally and the process of innovation in industry and business. I read about the uncharacteristic of Prof. But as soon as we finished the coffee, myth of strategic planning. It is generally believed that substantial Prof. The author was of the opinion that it is essential for cursory glance at the sofa where I had left the book. It was not there. Sarabhai showed us felt that it was a myth to hold that the key to economic success is a Russian RATO.

A quotation from General George Patton was given as a could you do it in eighteen months time? Sarabhai asked us. It is a myth that to Prof. I recalled what win big one must strive to optimize, the author felt. After dropping us back at the Hotel Ashoka, Prof. By that evening, Waiting in the hotel lobby at 1 a.

But then, Prof. Sarabhai had always exhibited a strong heading the project, was made public. I was filled with many emotions— component of unorthodoxy in his character. The plan talked about the realisation of a When you are the hammer, strike. SLV for injecting lightweight satellites into a low earth orbit, upgrading of Indian satellites from laboratory models to space entities and RATO motors were mounted on aircraft to provide the additional development of a wide range of spacecraft subsystems like the apogee thrust required during the take-off run under certain adverse operating and booster motors, momentum wheel, and solar panel deployment conditions like partially bombed-out runways, high altitude airfields, more mechanism.

It also promised a wide range of technological spin-offs than the prescribed load, or very high ambient temperatures. The Air like the gyros, various types of transducers, telemetry, adhesives, and Force was in dire need of a large number of RATO motors for their S- polymers for non-space applications. Over and above, there was the 22 and HF aircraft. It weighed kg and had a double base propellant encased in Ministry of Defence. Both Narayanan and I were inducted as members.

The development work was to be carried out at the Space Science The idea of making missiles in our own country was exciting, and we and Technology Centre with the assistance of the Defence Research spent hours on end studying the missiles of various advanced countries.

The distinction between a tactical missile and a strategic missile is often a fine one. However, in warfare, this term is used motor casing. We decided in favour of a composite propellant which to denote the kind of target rather than its distance from missile launch.

I also decided to take additional safety measures by in counter-force attacks on their strategic forces or in counter-value incorporating a diaphragm which would rupture if the chamber pressure attacks on the society, which in essence means his cities.

Tactical for some reason exceeded twice the operating pressure. Two significant weapons are those that influence a battle, and the battle may be by land, developments occurred during the work on RATO.

The first was the sea or air, or on all three together. This profile was not merely an activity plan laid down in a tactical role, notwithstanding its range of some km. In those by the top man for his team to comply with, it was a theme paper meant days, however, strategic missiles were synonymous with intermediate for open discussions, to be later transformed into a programme.

In fact, range ballistic missiles IRBMs with ranges in the order of nautical I found it was the romantic manifesto of a person deeply in love with the miles or km and inter-continental ballistic missiles ICBMs with a space research programme in his country. The plan mainly centred around the early ideas which had been born Gp Capt Narayanan had an ineffable enthusiasm for indigenous guided at INCOSPAR; it included utilization of satellites for television and missiles.

He was a great admirer of the strong arm approach of the Russian developmental education, meteorological observations and remote sensing Missile Development Programme. To this had been added the here, where space research has already prepared the soil for a bonanza development and launch of satellite launch vehicles. A large number of Surface- The next evening, Babu came to me before the appointed time. The RATO system locations. Gp Capt Narayanan passionately advocated the development can be made without imports.

The only hurdle is the inherent inelasticity of these missiles in the country. He was very eager to learn about rocketry and I approval by a single person instead of an entire hierarchy, air travel for was very curious to know about airborne weapon systems. He had and expeditious accounting procedures. He obtained These demands were unheard of in government establishments, which funding of Rs 75 lakhs with a further commitment towards any tend to be conservative, yet I could see the soundness of his proposition.

At times, I often laughed at his impatience, was to be played with a new set of rules. I weighed all the pros and cons and read for him these lines from T. Hearing my plea for administrative liberalization And the creation and seeing the merits behind it, Prof. Sarabhai approved the proposals Between the emotion without a second thought. And the response Through his suggestions, Babu had highlighted the importance of Falls the Shadow.

Virtually nothing indigenous was available. Together, we made people, more material and more money. But this made me your parameters! Instinctive businessman that he was, Babu did not unhappy—was there no remedy or alternative?

I to live with screwdriver technology? We had also gone in for a high energy after I took up the RATO projects, I saw a young colleague, Jaya Chandra composite propellant and an event-based ignition and jettisoning system in Babu going home. Babu had joined us a few months ago and the only real-time. A canted nozzle was designed to deflect the jet away from the thing I knew about him was that he had a very positive attitude and was aircraft. We conducted the first static test of RATO in the twelfth month articulate.

I called him into my office and did a bit of loud thinking. Within the next four months, we conducted 64 you have any suggestions? Babu remained silent for static tests. And we were just about 20 engineers working on the project! Sarabhai gave me the additional responsibility of designing the fourth stage of the SLV.

What made Prof. Sarabhai pick a few of us for this great mission? Dr Gowarikar was doing outstanding work in the field of composite propellants. MR Kurup had established an excellent laboratory for propellants, propulsion and pyrotechnics.

Muthunayagam had proved himself in the field of high energy propellants. The fourth stage was to be a composite structure and called for a large number of innovations in fabrication technology; Movers perhaps that was why I was brought in. I laid the foundation for Stage IV on two rocks—sensible approximation and unawed support.

Candidate have to write 6 papers for final selection in mppsc exam. Experts and last year's toppers say that the new syllabus is going to remove its shortcomings, the pattern of MPPSC was set in First change - In four papers of General Knowledge, yet in which paper which part of GK is to be asked, it was not decided. Now it has been decided to ask two subjects in each paper. Second change - the word limit for answering has been reduced. Till now, in the three-hour examination, usually words had to be written, now words have to be answered.

This changed syllabus will be applied in the examination to be held in July. Questions related to Madhya Pradesh's economy, agriculture, industry, politics will also be asked in GK questions. The new pattern is such that most of the content of college will be found in their syllabus and library books.

In such a situation, preparation for students will be easy. Prepare the syllabus with good attention, so I think it will be easy to score. It is a big thing to have marks paper only on Science and Technology.

Pay special attention to this section. Time duration for Paper 6 is 2 hours. For more updates, the official websites are: mppsc.

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